Find out who gave $478K to candidates in Halifax's last election

Developers, real estate companiesand construction firms donated 17 per cent of all money raised by candidates during Halifax's last municipal election.

That's one finding of a CBC investigation into campaign contributions in the race that ended in October 2016.

Some municipal candidates in the election declined donations from developers in particular, or from businesses in general, because of concerns over conflicts of interest.

The city is considering limits on who can donate to campaigns, with public consultations scheduled for May.

"The question is whether a reasonable person looking at it would think there is a potential to be influenced," said Guy Giorno, an Ottawa-based lawyer who chairs anethics committee on lobbying withthe Canadian Bar Association.

"Would a reasonable person think that there's a tension between your public duty to do the right thing and your private interest to look favourably on a donor?"

Database of donations to municipal politicians

CBC News built an electronic database from printed campaign declarationsand labelled donations by source: individuals, developers (and related businesses such as real estate and construction firms), other businesses, unionsand charities.

• Search the campaign donation database

Winners and losers in the races for mayor and council raised a total of $478,370.53from 1,279 donors.

• Individuals donated $231,606.51, or 48.4per centof the total raised.
• Businesses of all types donated $162,886.24, or 34.1per centof the total.
• Candidates self-funded to a total of $65,732.65, or 13.7per centof the total.
• Unions donated $11,800.00, or2.5per centof the total.
• Charities donated $6,345.13, or 1.3per centof the total.

CBC News chose to break out donations from developers, real estate and construction interests because municipal council has final approval on large projects.

These businesses donated about$81,000 to municipal candidates orroughly 17 per centof money raised by candidates.

Two companies owned by developer George Armoyan, Geosam Capital Inc. and Armco Capital Inc., gave $8,250 to the campaigns of Mayor Mike Savage and five municipal councillors.

Other developers supported candidates

Summer Wind Holdings Ltd.gave $5,500 to the campaigns of the mayor and five municipal councillors.

Municipal Enterprises Ltd., a division of Dexter construction, gave $3,500 to the Savage campaignand four municipal councillors.

East Port Properties gave $2,800 to the mayor's campaignand six municipal councillors.

"We thought that supporting the idea of running for office was the real thing to support. And therefore we gave a relatively small amount to each person who ran," said East Port Properties president John Lindsay.

Lindsay saidsome candidates returned his company's donations on principle.

He saidhis goal isn't to influence municipal decisionsbut to encourage democratic engagement.

"It's very hard, demanding work. And we should acknowledge and give a consistent amount across the board," he said.

Labour council backed two politicians

The Halifax-Dartmouth andDistrict Labour Council gave a total of $1,500 dollars to two winning candidates.

Council president Suzanne MacNeil saidthe donations followed a vetting process involving a questionnaire and interviews.

"We want to support candidates that support our values, that put social justice to the forefrontand are going to be a voice for the sort of progressive, community-oriented policies on council that we like to see," she said.

The issue of union donations to municipal candidates was raised last fall in Victoria, B.C., because councillors vote on contracts with unionized city employees.

• Ban corporate, union donations from Vancouver civic elections, says report

There are currently no limitations on who can donate to municipal campaigns, or how much.

Giorno said he believes donations from corporations and unions should be banned in all Canadian elections. Such changes have already been made federally and provincially in Nova Scotia.

He also believes a donation cap is appropriate.

Conflicts of interestrarely discussed in council

The maximum donation total for a single donor in Nova Scotiaprovincial elections is $5,000.

The maximum in a federal campaign is $1,550.

The largest single-personal donation was $5,000, CBC's investigation found. Cyril Burchellgave $5,000 to candidate Chris Poole in Halifax Peninsula North.Shari Craig also made a $5,000 donation to acclaimed candidate Steve Craig her husband in the district of Lower Sackville.

CBC municipal affairs reporter Pam Berman saidto her knowledge, the issue of potential conflict of interest arising from a campaign donation has only been raised once during a council meeting inher 20 years of covering city hall.

During a January council meeting, Coun.David Hendsbee requested guidance from a municipal lawyer during a vote on a development project because he'd received a donation from the proponents, Mythos Developments.

"I received a campaign donation from this applicant and I'd like to publicly declare an absolution of decision on this process because I believe it would be perceived as being influenced," Hendsbee said at the time.

A municipal lawyer advised Hendsbee that if he declared a conflict of interest in the case, it could affect his participation in a future public hearing on the development.

The solicitor said he didn't believe Hendsbee had a conflict in the casebut would have to do further research.

Hendsbee and three other councillors proceeded to vote in favour of the development, which was rejected by a majority of council.