How Canada turned to Mexico to fend off TPP pressure from Japan, Australia

From the outside, it looked like yet another bilateral meeting between Justin Trudeau and his continental ally, Enrique Pena Nieto, on the sidelines of yet another leaders' summit.

But this time, the Canadian prime minister had a somewhat atypical agenda for his face-to-face chat with the Mexican president.

Trudeau and PenaNieto, who have built a good relationship inNAFTA'snegotiating trenches, gripped hands and exchanged warm greetings inside the meeting room.

It was the Canadian leader's first bilateral meeting on the margins of this year's Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit at a palm-lined, seaside resort in Vietnam. The Canadian team had planned it that way.

• 'We weren't ready' to close deal: Trudeau defends Canada's actions on TPP
• TPP partners reach agreement on 'core elements' of Pacific trade deal, Canada says

A key topic of discussion, as they sank into the yellow cushions on their chairs, focused on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade talks.

Heading into APEC, a senior Canadian government official said Ottawa had been anticipating pressure from TPP partners Japan and Australia, two countries that wanted to move forward quickly with sealing the 11-country deal.

The Trudeau government, on the other hand, wanted to throw some sand in the gears. Ottawa had been pushing the other parties to make changes to how the treaty would affect areas like culture, intellectual property and the auto sector.

"We were not going to be rushed into a deal," Trudeau told reporters at his closing APEC news conference on Saturday, echoing warnings he had issued repeatedly over the course of the week.

The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the matter, provided a peek behind the scenes of what followed during the TPP talks in Danang.

Mexico won't sign if Canada won't

The Canadian team had no plans to agree to the deal at Friday's TPP leaders' meeting unless the modifications were made. And they knew they had some allies. They had also been informed about unease about the deal among a few of the other countries.

Indeed, the official said Japan and Australia tried to railroad Canada into committing to an agreement in principle Friday by arguing the other TPP members would be disappointed if they didn't deliver, the official said.

That's where Mexico fit in.

Trudeau explained his situation to Pena Nieto, who reassured him that if Canada didn't sign on to the TPP, Mexico wouldn't either, the official said.

Mexico had been sending similar signals of restraint about signing on to a new TPP. The talks were "very productive,' but more discussion was needed, Mexican Economy Minister Ildefonso Guajardo was reported to have said on Thursday.

The official added that Pena Nieto likely offered his support for two reasons: Mexico wasn't 100 per cent comfortable with the deal on the table and the fact Canada has stood by it through the tough NAFTA renegotiation with U.S. President Donald Trump.

Shortly after Pena Nieto left, Trudeau held his next bilateral of the day in the very same room this time with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. But this meeting lasted more than twice as long as the Mexico bilateral, a sign of tough talk.

Abe postpones leaders' meeting

Abe came to APEC looking for a win an announcement from Pacific Rim leaders that their huge trade deal would move forward just months after it had been left for dead following Trump's withdrawal earlier in the year.

After the meeting, Trudeau and Abe were supposed to walk a short distance to a scheduled TPP leaders' meeting. Some of the TPP players, including Japan and Australia, had expected the meeting to be a signing ceremony for an agreement in principle, the official said.

But the signing never happened, much to the chagrin of many an Asian country.

Canada asked for a bilateral meeting with Japan out of his respect for Abe and the countries' strong relationship, the official said. The plan was to tell him where Canada was coming from.

Abe was also informed about Mexico's position on the matter, the official said.

Their meeting was positive and it stretched for about 50 minutes, even though it had only been scheduled for half that time. It cut into the planned TPP leaders' meeting and kept the other leaders waiting for them in the room.

Over the course of that meeting, Abe, the TPP meeting's co-chair, said he would have to postpone the event. He left to tell the others about the postponement and Trudeau stayed behind in the bilateral-meeting room.

'We obviously had lots to talk about'

Trudeau faced sharp criticism on social media and in news reports for not attending the TPP meeting. The official disputes the notion it was a snub because the leaders would mingle at APEC events over the next 24 hours anyway.

"We obviously had lots to talk about and at the end of that meeting it became clear that it was in everyone's interest to postpone the leaders' meeting on the TPP11," Trudeau said Saturday.

• Trudeau embrace of TPP could hurt tough NAFTA talks with Trump: experts

Staying away from the meeting wasn't a negotiating strategy, but it did yield results, the official claimed.

Late Friday, TPP trade ministers agreed to changes and new ways forward in areas Canada has been pressing for, such asautos, cultural industries and the suspension of IP provisions from the original TPP. The official said the changes didn't come until after Canada informed the group it wasn't going to agree to the deal without them.