With President Joe Biden still refusing to limit American support for Israels bloody offensive in Gaza, senators could soon play a big role in challenging and even changing the U.S.s deeply controversial approach.

Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) has scheduled a Tuesday evening Senate vote on a resolution requiring the Biden administration to produce a report on Israels human rights practices. Israel is currently targeting areas where Palestinians fled for safety while experts are ratcheting up warnings of famine among Gazans.

Sanders bill is privileged, meaning Senate leadership has to allow it to be considered, opening up a rare chance for senators to extensively debate Israels Gaza campaign.

Meanwhile, Sens. Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.) and Tim Kaine (D-Va.) are championing amendments to a potential supplemental package of military aid for Israel and Ukraine that would both, if passed, represent rebukes to the idea of unquestioned assistance to Israel. Van Hollens proposal underscores that American military aid must be used in line with international and U.S. law, while Kaines bill would force Biden to maintain the normal process of informing Congress about U.S. weapons shipments for Israel; he has recently twice used emergency authority to circumvent oversight.

The Sanders effort is becoming the chief focus of attention among lawmakers, their staff and prominent outside advocates because the resolution will be voted on so soon.

Members of Congress overwhelmingly support Israels intention to punish the Gaza-based militant group Hamas and its partners for a brutal surprise Oct. 7 attack that killed 1,200 Israelis and led to more than 200 being taken hostage. But Israels conduct since which has killed upwards of 23,000 people and entailed scores of alleged war crimes has horrified many legislators and led to public calls for a change in policy from a significant number of Democrats. More than 60 Democratic lawmakers now support a cease-fire in the Israel-Hamas war, and elected officials say they feel major public pressure to do more to ease Gazas suffering.

Sanders and some other legislators say its past time for Capitol Hill to turn concern into action, as a signal to both Israel and the Biden administration, which despite its claims of encouraging Israeli restraint has taken no tangible steps to force it.

A human rights report would provide one way for Congress to scrutinize what the U.S. knows about Israels conduct and whether national security experts within the government a number of whom have told HuffPost they feel muzzled and sidelined agree with outside analysts who call the campaign excessive and counterproductive.

On Thursday, a coalition of 75 advocacy groups launched an effort to rally senators to vote for the Sanders bill, sending legislators a letter exclusively shared with HuffPost ahead of its release.

After months of devastation in Gaza, there is urgent need for a meaningful debate on U.S. support for Israeli operations including the extent to which U.S. military aid may be supporting violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, reads the letter, signed by organizations ranging from Amnesty International and Indivisible to Jewish, Muslim and Christian groups. It is long overdue for the Senate to hold a public vote and debate on U.S. complicity in Israeli human rights abuses against Palestinians living under occupation and bombardment, and to reassert congressional oversight powers over U.S. arms transfer policy and foreign policy.

For now, the State Department says it is not assessing whether Israel is following international humanitarian law, and its not even publicly clear how seriously Bidens team is holding the country to its own policies on weapons exports, while officials within the agency describe confusion about what assessments are underway.