The House passed a bill on Tuesday to give more than 2 million undocumented immigrants a chance at legal status and eventual U.S. citizenship, including the so-called Dreamers, who came to the U.S. as children, and others with temporary humanitarian protection.

The bill, which faces tough odds in the Republican-controlled Senate , is the result of two decades of lobbying from Dreamers and immigration advocates. Its also a stark contrast to the Trump administration s attempts to hack away at immigrant rights, including attempts to strip Dreamers of Obama-era protections.

We are seeing this policy passing under Trumps very nose while he is out there criminalizing and demonizing our communities, said Sanaa Abrar, advocacy director at the immigrant youth organization United We Dream. Its a moment of resistance.

The Dream and Promise Act is the latest iteration of the longstanding Dream Act that was introduced in 2001 but has never passed Congress. This bill builds on the original act by combining protections for Dreamers with those who have Temporary Protected Status or Deferred Enforced Departure because they have fled natural disasters or wars in their home countries.

But while immigrant youth advocates are celebrating the victory, they are also concerned that certain aspects of the bill demonize immigrant youth. The Dream and Promise Act gives the secretary of homeland security the discretion to deny legal status to immigrants with certain juvenile adjudications and gang affiliation, which juvenile justice experts told HuffPost could get people deported from the U.S. for spraying graffiti as a minor or even for wearing colors that match those of a gang.

Rachel Marshall, the federal policy counsel for Campaign for Youth Justice, said these provisions had never existed in previous versions of the Dream Act and that they reinforce a harmful narrative of good vs. bad immigrants. These are just normal kids behaving in normal ways, she said. They shouldnt have to live in uncertain futures on the basis of mistakes they made.

On May 21, Marshall and advocates from 26 other youth organizations sent a letter to Democrats on the House Judiciary Committee urging them not to pass the bill in its current form. They are concerned that the act criminalizes juvenile mistakes and exacerbates systemic racism, given the fact that black and brown youths are most likely to be arrested by police and targeted as suspected gang members.