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Posted: 2017-04-11T17:52:33Z | Updated: 2024-01-31T04:01:44Z Rare Photos Show Lesser-Known Black Women Activists Of The 19th Century | HuffPost

Rare Photos Show Lesser-Known Black Women Activists Of The 19th Century

They are hidden figures no more.

When discussing black womens history, activists like Harriet Tubman and Rosa Parks are often quick to come to mind for many. 

Yet while their resilience and advocacy is noteworthy, theyre certainly not the only famous black activists we should know. 

Now, a recently digitized collection of rare photos at the Library of Congress shows similarly socially active but lesser-known black women throughout the 19th century. The images, which are mostly striking black-and-white portraits, once belonged to William Henry Richards, a professor who taught at Howard University Law School for nearly four decades before his death in 1951. Richards was active in several organizations that promoted civil rights and civil liberties for African Americans at the end of the nineteenth century, Beverly Brannan, the curator of Photography, Prints & Photographs Division at the Library of Congress wrote in a post published last week

The library acquired the collection in 2013 and recently digitized the images to bring visibility to more obscure black women who were active in civil rights, education and journalism in the decades following the Civil War. They include pictures of women like writer Hallie Quinn Brown, who helped to launch the Colored Womens League of Washington, DC and educator Josephine A. Silone Yates, who was trained in chemistry and was one of the first black teachers at Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri. 

Below youll find the entire collection of images. 

Maria Molly Baldwin (1856-1922) was an educator and civic leader.
Elizabeth Carter Brooks, an educator and activist, is seen with singer and activist Emma Azelia Smith Hackley (wearing glasses). Photos dated from 1885.
Hallie Quinn Brown (1850-1949) was an educator and activist . She is the founder of the Colored Woman's League of Washington, D.C., which later became the National Association of Colored Women in 1894.
Anna J. Cooper (1858-1964) was an educator, activist and prominent scholar. She was only the fourth black woman to earn a doctoral degree and wrote the Voice from the South: By A Woman from the South in 1892, which heavily touched on race and black feminism.
Amanda V. Gray (1869-1957) was an activist, educator and pharmacist. Gray, who received her pharmaceutical graduate degree from Howard University in 1903 , operated a pharmacy in Washington D.C.'s black neighborhood. She was heavily active in the community's ongoing social, political and cultural issues.
Lillian Parker Thomas (born 1857) was a journalist and correspondent editor for the Freeman, which is recognized as the first illustrated black newspaper . She has been described in history books as "the mantle of mental achievement" and her role was one held by no other woman on staff at the publication.
Clarissa M. Thompson (born 1856) was an educator, novelist, poet and teacher . She often spoke out about temperance, gender inequality and racism.
Laura A. Moore Westbrook (born 1859) was an educator and fearless advocate for black people in the South . She worked in the public school system for more than two decades in both Tennessee and Texas.
Fannie Barrier Williams (1855-1944) was an educator, orator and political activist who heavily advocated on behalf of black women in the South. She was involved in the creation of both the National Association of Colored Women and the National Association of the Advancement Of Colored People (NAACP).
Josephine Silone Yates (1852-1912) was educator and activist who pushed for social change . She was a key organizer of the Kansas City Womens League and served as the organization's first president in 1893 before serving four years as the president of the National Association of Colored Women.

Before You Go

35 Queens Of Black History Who Deserve Much More Glory
Shirley Chisholm (19242005)(01 of35)
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Chisholm broke major barriers when she became the first black congresswoman in 1968. She continued on her political track when she ran for president four years later, making her the first major-party black candidate to run. (credit:New York Daily News Archive via Getty Images)
Claudette Colvin (1939-present)(02 of35)
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Several months before Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a bus, Colvin was the first person arrested for resisting bus segregation in Montgomery, Alabama, at the age of 15. She also served as one of four plaintiffs in the case of Browder v. Gayle, which ruled that Montgomery's segregated bus system was unconstitutional. (credit:The Washington Post via Getty Images)
Septima Poinsette Clark (18981987)(03 of35)
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Clark was an educator and civil rights activist who established citizenship schools that helped many African Americans register to vote. Regarded as a pioneer in grassroots citizenship education, she was active with the NAACP in getting more black teachers hired in the South. (credit:Charlotte Observer via Getty Images)
Mary Church Terrell (18631954)(04 of35)
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This women's suffrage activist and journalist was the first president of the National Association of Colored Women and a charter member of the NAACP. She was also one of the first African-American women to be awarded a college degree. (credit:Stock Montage via Getty Images)
Angela Davis (1944-present)(05 of35)
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Davis is a revolutionary American educator. The former Black Panther has fought for race, class and gender equality over the years. Davis authored one of the of the most distinguished books in the field of women's studies called Women, Race & Class. She's also an advocate of prison reform. (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)(06 of35)
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Wells helped bring international attention to the horrors of lynching in the South with her investigative journalism. She was also elected as the Secretary of the Colored Press Association in 1889. (credit:Fotosearch via Getty Images)
Kathleen Cleaver (1945-present)(07 of35)
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Kathleen Cleaver is one of the central figures in Black Panther history. She was the first communications secretary for the organization and is currently a law professor at Emory University. She also helped found the Human Rights Research Fund . (credit:Ted Streshinsky Photographic Archive via Getty Images)
Dr. Dorothy Height (1912-2010)(08 of35)
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Dr. Height was regarded by President Barack Obama as "the godmother of the Civil Rights Movement. She served as the president of the National Council of Negro Women for over two decades and was instrumental in the integration of all YWCA centers in 1946. (credit:The Washington Post via Getty Images)
Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784)(09 of35)
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Wheatley was a former slave who was kidnapped from West Africa and brought to America. She was bought by a Boston family and became their personal servant. With the aid of the family, she learned to read and eventually became one of the first women to publish a book of poetry in 1773. (credit:Stock Montage via Getty Images)
Audre Lorde (1934-1992)(10 of35)
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This Caribbean-American writer and activist was a self-described black, lesbian, mother, warrior and poet." She empowered her readers with her moving poetry often tackling the injustices of racism, sexism and homophobia. She's known for her poetry and memoirs such as, From a Land Where Other People Live,The Black Unicorn and A Burst of Light. (credit:Robert Alexander via Getty Images)
Flo Kennedy (1916-2000)(11 of35)
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Kennedy was a founding member of the National Organization of Women and one of the first black female lawyers to graduate from Columbia Law School. She helped found the Feminist Party in 1971, which later nominated Representative Shirley Chisholm for president. (credit:Duane Howell via Getty Images)
Marsha P. Johnson (1945-1992)(12 of35)
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Johnson was an outspoken and fearless trans woman who played a vital part in the fight for civil rights for the LGBT community in New York. She was known as the patron at Stonewall Inn who initiated resistance on the night the police raided the bar. (credit:Wikimedia Commons)
Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)(13 of35)
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Born Isabella Baumfree, she escaped slavery with her infant daughter and changed her name to Sojourner Truth. She's best known for her speech delivered at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in 1851 titled "Ain't I A Woman?" (credit:MPI via Getty Images)
Fannie Lou Hamer (1917-1977)(14 of35)
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Hamer was a civil rights activist and organizer of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee Fannie Lou Hamer. She helped blacks register to vote and co-founded the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. (credit:Afro Newspaper/Gado via Getty Images)
Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955)(15 of35)
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Dr. Bethune was an educator and civil rights activist who believed education was the key to racial advancement. She served as the president of the National Association of Colored Women and founded the National Council of Negro Women. She was also the president and founder of Bethune-Cookman College in Florida. (credit:Chicago History Museum via Getty Images)
Gwendolyn Brooks (1917-2000)(16 of35)
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This poet was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for her 1949 book titled Annie Allen. (credit:Robert Abbott Sengstacke via Getty Images)
Bessie Coleman (1892-1926)(17 of35)
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Coleman became the first black woman to earn a pilot's license and the first black woman to stage a public flight in the United States. She specialized in stunt flying and parachuting and remains a pioneer for women in aviation. (credit:Fotosearch via Getty Images)
Lena Horne (1917-2010)(18 of35)
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Horne was a popular actress and singer who was most known for her performances in the films "Stormy Weather" and "The Wiz." She worked closely with civil rights groups and refused to play roles that stereotyped black women. (credit:Gilles Petard via Getty Images)
Wilma Rudolph (1940-1994)(19 of35)
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Nicknamed "the black gazelle," Rudolph was born premature and was stricken with polio as a child. Though her doctor said she would never be able to walk without her brace, she went on to become a track star. She became the first American woman to win three gold medals at a single Olympics in 1960. (credit:STAFF via Getty Images)
Billie Holiday (1915-1959)(20 of35)
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Holiday was an extremely influential jazz vocalist who was known for her "distinctive phrasing and expressive, sometimes melancholy voice." Two of her most famous songs are "God Bless the Child" and "Strange Fruit ," a heart-wrenching ballad about blacks being lynched in the South. (credit:Gilles Petard via Getty Images)
Diane Nash (1938-present)(21 of35)
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Nash is a founding member of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. She was instrumental in organizing the Freedom Rides, which helped desegregate interstate buses in the South. She also planned the Selma Voting Rights Movement in response to the Birmingham 16th Street Church bombing that killed four young girls. (credit:Afro Newspaper/Gado via Getty Images)
Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960)(22 of35)
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Hurston was an anthropologist and author of the Harlem Renaissance. Though she didn't receive much recognition for her work while she was alive, her works of fiction, especially Their Eyes Were Watching God, became staples in American literature. (credit:Fotosearch via Getty Images)
Hattie McDaniel (1893-1952)(23 of35)
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As an actress, McDaniel appeared in more than 300 films and was the first African American to win an Oscar in 1940. She was also the star of the CBS Radio program, "The Beulah Show." (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
Ruby Bridges (1954-present)(24 of35)
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Ruby Bridges was six years old when she became the first black child to integrate an all-white school in the South. She was escorted to class by her mother and U.S. marshals due to violent mobs outside of the Louisiana school.

Correction: This slide previously misstated that Bridges attended school in Mississippi.
(credit:Getty)
Charlayne Hunter-Gault (1942-present)(25 of35)
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Hunter-Gault was the first black woman to enroll at the University of Georgia. She became an award-winning journalist after she graduated and worked for outlets such as the New York Times, PBS and NPR. (credit:Yvonne Hemsey via Getty Images)
Daisy Bates (1914-1999)(26 of35)
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As a civil rights activist and journalist, Bates documented the fight to end segregation in Arkansas. Along with her husband, she ran a weekly black newspaper and became the president of the Arkansas chapter of the NAACP. (credit:Afro Newspaper/Gado via Getty Images)
Dr. Mae Jemison (1956-present)(27 of35)
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Dr. Jemison is the first black woman to be admitted into the astronaut training program and fly into space in 1987. Jemison also developed and participated in research projects on the Hepatitis B vaccine and rabies. (credit:Science & Society Picture Library via Getty Images)
Ella Baker (1903-1986)(28 of35)
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Baker was the national director for the NAACP. She also worked with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. As one of the leading figures in the civil rights movement, Baker is known for her leadership style which helped develop others' skills to become leaders in the fight for a better future. (credit:Afro Newspaper/Gado via Getty Images)
Katherine Johnson (1918-2020)(29 of35)
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Katherine Johnson overcame the prejudices thrown at her while working as a "human computer" at NASA to make the calculations that successfully launched the first Americans into space. Johnson's work helped mark a turning point in the United State's race to space with the Soviet Union. Johnson's untold story has recently been popularized through the critically acclaimed film "Hidden Figures." (credit:Smith Collection/Gado via Getty Images)
Madam C.J. Walker (1867-1919)(30 of35)
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Madam C.J. Walker became one of the first female self-made millionaires in the world when she inventing a line of hair care products specially for African Americans in 1905. She traveled around the country to promote her products and give hair care demonstrations. She eventually founded Madame C.J. Walker Laboratories to manufacture cosmetics and train beauticians. (credit:Michael Ochs Archives via Getty Images)
Josephine Baker (1906-1975)(31 of35)
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After getting her start in New York, Josephine Baker found fame and fortune when she moved to France in the 1920s and became one of Europe's most beloved performers, entrancing her audiences with her enticing dance moves and vocals. During World War II, she worked for the French Resistance, smuggling messages hidden in her sheet music and underwear. Baker frequently returned to the United States to join the Civil Rights Movement efforts. She was even a speaker at the 1963 March on Washington. (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Linda Martell (1941-present)(32 of35)
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Linda Martell was the first black woman to appear on the Grand Ole Opry. The country and blues singer went on to make 11 more appearances on the international radio program throughout her career and she landed a Top 25 song with her 1969 single "Color Him Father." (credit:Michael Ochs Archives via Getty Images)
Mahalia Jackson (1911-1972)(33 of35)
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Mahalia Jackson, the Queen of Gospel , is one known as one of the greatest musicians in American history. Jackson sang at the 1963 March on Washington right before Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his "I Have A Dream" speech. While giving his speech, Jackson interjected with Tell them about the dream, Martin . Jackson's words led King to improvise the pivotal latter part of his speech. (credit:Apic via Getty Images)
Dominique Dawes (1976-present)(34 of35)
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Dominique Dawes became the first African American to win an individual Olympic medal in women's gymnastics for her floor performance at the 1996 games in Atlanta. Dawes also won a gold medal with the U.S. women's gymnastics team. She participated in the 1992, 1996 and 2000 Olympics before she retired. (credit:Doug Pensinger via Getty Images)
Dr. Patricia Bath (1942-2019)(35 of35)
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Patricia Bath , Ph.D., was the first black female doctor to receive a medical patent and the first African American woman to complete a residency in ophthalmology at NYU. In 1986, she created the Laserphaco Probe, a tool used to treat patients with cataracts with more precision and less pain. Bath was able to help restore the sight of people who had lost their eyesight for more than 30 years.

Correction: This slide has been updated to reflect that Bath was the first African American woman to complete a residency in ophthalmology at NYU, not the first African American to complete a residency in ophtalmology.
(credit:Jemal Countess via Getty Images)